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Thirst For Coltan Fueling African Conflict 252

MetaPhyzx writes "According to an article put forth by the Toward Freedom website, the metallic ore known as columbite-tantalite or coltan for short is fueling conflict in central Africa. The relevance to us who read news for geeks: Coltan is in quite a few consumer electronics; the article references the Sony Playstation series." As reader fahrvergnugen points out in the comments below, there's reason to more than doubt the currency of the claims in the above-linked article, as outlined in a post at Joystiq.
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Thirst For Coltan Fueling African Conflict

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  • by religious freak ( 1005821 ) on Friday July 25, 2008 @03:35PM (#24340077)
    Anything and everything fuels conflict in Africa. At most, this is throwing a match into a raging fire.
    • by the4thdimension ( 1151939 ) on Friday July 25, 2008 @03:38PM (#24340141) Homepage
      The movie "Blood Diamond" had it right when they showed the G8 conference and one of the reps said something like:

      "Anytime a material of value is found in Africa, the locals die in pain and in great number."

      Unfortunately for Africans, this is one of those movie parts we wish was just in a movie. It's much too bad that its actually true.

      • by gnick ( 1211984 )

        We need a new stamp for phones, computers, PlayStations, etc.

        That way I'll know that I'm not talking on a Conflict Phone [wikipedia.org].

        • It would be so easy, I assume they're talking about the use of tantalum (refined coltan) capacitors. They put out better punch in a smaller package, but when it comes to something the size of a ps3, real estate isn't all that important.

          • by mrmeval ( 662166 )

            It's not only real estate but the feature of tantalum capacitors that make them desirable. We might be at the threshold of nanotech capacitors that will replace them but I've not seen anything marketable yet.
             

    • by dbrutus ( 71639 ) on Friday July 25, 2008 @03:41PM (#24340163) Homepage

      Congo sourced coltan is less than 1% of the world market which is currently dominated by Australian production. How much better control do you want than sourcing 99% elsewhere?

    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      by krgallagher ( 743575 )
      "Anything and everything fuels conflict in Africa. At most, this is throwing a match into a raging fire."

      But what can we, as a world community, do about it? We can't just barge in a la Iraq and impose our own order. This is something the African people have to do for themselves.

      • Re: (Score:2, Flamebait)

        by Lord Apathy ( 584315 )

        That would be something I agree on. The way I see it there is only two ways the world could solve Africa's problems, with force or ignore it.

        The first solution requires an all out land invasion. Going in and tearing out all the old structures, beliefs, and basically bringing peace to Africa at the barrel of a gun. How well do you think this would work?

        Next solution would be to basically wall off Africa, noting and nobody goes in or out. Cut them off from the rest of the world. Famine, war, and pla

        • by eln ( 21727 )

          A lot of the problems with Africa resulted from European powers trying both of your solutions, in order. First, they conquered them by force and set up their own governments under which the natives were subjugated and treated as inferior beings. Second, they took off and left the Africans to fend for themselves, with mostly disastrous results.

          I don't know what the solution for Africa is, but invading doesn't work and ignoring them doesn't work either. No one seems to be willing to spend the time, effort,

          • by jd ( 1658 )

            One of the most scarce resources in Africa is water, mostly as a result of deforestation though also as a result of severe damage to infrastructure. Nothing much can be done about infrastructure and reforesting Africa is tough when the level of deforestation is continuing at such a high pace. However, one of the key effects of forests is to reduce reflected radiation. That can be mimicked in ways that would be hard to disrupt, although it wouldn't be easy or cheap. Alternatively, there are ways of artificia

          • Force is not really a realistic option in Africa. The amount of man power and the destruction required would be staggering. Might as well nuke the place down to the bedrock and be done with it. No, invasion was never really an option at all. Trying to subdue that a diverse place like Africa would be a fools quest.

      • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

        "Anything and everything fuels conflict in Africa. At most, this is throwing a match into a raging fire."

        But what can we, as a world community, do about it? We can't just barge in a la Iraq and impose our own order. This is something the African people have to do for themselves.

        There are real and practical ways for "we as a world community" (=powerful first worlders) to make a difference, but we may not like the answers: they invariably involve giving up our artifical hegemony in world trade to actually allow economic participation by third world countries as true peers. Sit down some time with an expert 3rd world economist(yes, there are lots of them). He or she will tell you plainly that the problem is not ignorance as to what to do. It is powers that be having the will to i

      • Hmmm (Score:5, Insightful)

        by copponex ( 13876 ) on Friday July 25, 2008 @05:06PM (#24341493) Homepage

        Here's one way to do it.

        Stop selling weapons to Africa. Join the ICC to put those in jail who do sell weapons to Africa. Help them become self sufficient instead of just sending them cash. The US Economy alone could cut it's war budget by 10% and feed the whole continent. (I factor in nuclear research, the Dept of Homeland Security, and all other actually war related expenses for a total of one trillion dollars per year.)

        The reality is that we don't want to help Africans because we don't care about Africans. Rwanda? Darfur? Give our leaders a call when you can find some better natural resources to exploit, and then our march of freedom will spread southward. Otherwise we'll keep people like Nelson Mandela on our terrorist watch lists along with anyone else who dares to oppose pro-American governments.

        • by Rayonic ( 462789 )

          The US Economy alone could cut it's war budget by 10% and feed the whole continent.

          How naive can you be? What about hostile and/or corrupt governments that would interfere? Well we could just force our way in to distribute food... oops, that's military action.

          Starvation in Africa is purely a political problem.

    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      by thermian ( 1267986 )

      Africa is a pretty big place, and many parts of it are quite stable. The problem is that a lot of countries on the continent have an extremely unstable governmental situation.

      The trend is definitely towards stability, but the effects of of colonialism continue to be felt. It was the restructuring after the largely unplanned collapse of colonialism that caused most of the present problems. The UK was, sad to say, responsible for a lot of the bad handling.

      But, its easy to blame everything on Europe and its pr

      • I agree 100%. And may I also say, I look forward to a day (hopefully in my lifetime - but probably not likely) that I can take a car from the Lisbon and drive it to Beijing, or from Anchorage to Santiago.

        Yeah... definitely not going to happen in my lifetime. But what trips those would be!
    • These left wing, anti-capitalist groups claim some tenuous link between a metal and African violence, or oil and terrorism. But a much more direct link is between the violent terror group FARC and the illegal drug trade.

      But any reference to there being a moral imperative to obey drug laws sees to be missing from the Toward Freedom Website.
  • When I first read "tantalite" I was thinking, woooOOOOoooo! But then after I looked it up [wikipedia.org] I found it is anything but. Ugh.

  • For petty despots in Africa...it's actually MY bad.

  • by Anonymous Coward on Friday July 25, 2008 @03:39PM (#24340145)

    ...That John Connor has something to do with this.

  • Spread the blame (Score:5, Informative)

    by theelectron ( 973857 ) on Friday July 25, 2008 @03:41PM (#24340179)
    Tantalum capacitors are used in a lot of electronics. While they are used in Playstations, that doesn't mean Sony (as much as I dislike them) are at the majority of fault. And now Sony doesn't use coltan from that region, so as not to support conflict. They just threw the playstation name around for publicity, I think they could have done better.
    • They just threw the playstation name around for publicity, I think they could have done better.

      I have a feeling it's because a character in The Mission Song by John le Carre mentioned it as a use of Coltan.

      The book is fiction, and concerns (peripherally) mining of Coltan and other ores.

    • Re:Spread the blame (Score:4, Informative)

      by SlashWombat ( 1227578 ) on Friday July 25, 2008 @05:59PM (#24342237)
      Tantalum capacitors are expensive, and tantalum is said to be a poison.

      There are now better, and cheaper alternatives using ceramic capacitors. Ceramic capacitors in the 1 uF to 470 uF range are now MUCH smaller than their tantalum equivalents, have far superior characteristics (almost ideal) and are cheaper. In fact, these newish ceramic caps are so good, that in some applications a resistor is required in series with the device if they are being used to replace a tantalum capacitor. So, in the end, it doesn't matter if the source dries up.(From an electronics viewpoint)

      (In fact, tantalum caps have increasingly become more expensive for many years now, to the point where most designers tend to avoid using them as there are many other options that have become available due to the shear cost of tantalum capacitors.)

      Ceramic caps also avoid the deterioration over time that electrolytic capacitors "enjoy", so your equipment should last longer. (Without leaking their contents all over the other electronics on the board!)
  • In other news.... (Score:5, Insightful)

    by johnny cashed ( 590023 ) on Friday July 25, 2008 @03:41PM (#24340191) Homepage
    Thirst for oil is fueling middle east conflict. News at 11.
    • Re:In other news.... (Score:5, Interesting)

      by Bombula ( 670389 ) on Friday July 25, 2008 @03:59PM (#24340427)

      True enough. Interesting how being willing to pay for something without asking any questions about where it came from hasn a way of creating problems, isn't it? Clothes sold everywhere from Wal-Mart and the Disney Store to Oscar De Larente boutiques are made in sweatshops by 'sub-contractors' so the buyers can retain plausible deniability. Same goes for electronics parts - like the iPod and the iPhone. More personally, say your child needed a kidney, for example. It'd be easy to not ask where a donor organ came from.

      So the question is, who draws the line - and where - when it comes to the supply of goods or services whose origins are mired in strife? We regulate the donor organ market pretty heavily. We consumer products like apparel and electronics moderately. And we don't regulate diamonds or oil at all.

      I don't have any answers, mind you. (Well, maybe I do - but the cat will stay snug in the bag until after I'm published). For now, I'm just saying there are important questions here that have gone unasked and unanswered for too long.

    • by treeves ( 963993 )
      Yeah, because we all know about the vast quantities of oil in Israel. Wait...
      • Is that what you are saying? Never mind the huge amount of arms in the region, purchased with oil revenues. Yeah, it is all on Israel, they are the only ones causing the conflict. And we invaded Iraq because Israel told us to. Right. Don't get me wrong, I'm not a big fan of Israel, but they didn't invade Iraq. And all that Saudi oil money has nothing to do with conflict in the region.
        • by treeves ( 963993 )
          No. Israel is not the sole or even primary cause of the conflict but they are a great focus of the conflict. Israel is the best armed, and not from oil revenues, btw. And they need to be, being surrounded by nations who want them gone.
  • Not quite so much (Score:5, Interesting)

    by Ancient_Hacker ( 751168 ) on Friday July 25, 2008 @03:45PM (#24340241)

    Tantalum is used in small quantities to make high-performance and compact electrolytic capacitors.

    Typically a tantalum cap will have lower leakage current and be about 1/4 the size of a aluminum electrolytic, at about twice the cost.

    As an electronics repair guy, I just *love* tantalum caps, as they quite often short out given an opportunity. Most repair places won't even try to do component-level repairs anymore, so that leaves lots of nice equipments for me to fix.

    • Re:Not quite so much (Score:4, Informative)

      by seanadams.com ( 463190 ) * on Friday July 25, 2008 @04:09PM (#24340567) Homepage

      Although not as dense, newer conventional electrolytics, as well as higher capacity multilayer ceramics, seem to be increasingly preferred to tantalums in new designs due to their improving density and decreasing cost. Eg you can now get X7R ceramic 22uF in 1206 packages - once exclusively the realm of tantalums, and with better ESR and temperature stability. So are tantalum's days numbered anyway?

    • Re:Not quite so much (Score:5, Interesting)

      by pz ( 113803 ) on Friday July 25, 2008 @04:27PM (#24340807) Journal

      Tantalums have a bad reputation for unreliability. They are less forgiving to overvoltage than electrolytics. My father, who designs some of the most reliable instrumentation I've seen anywhere (he estimates a 30-year lifetime for his devices, and that's with 100% duty cycle, continuous use), derates tantalum capacitors by a factor of 2 and has no problems with them failing. (Eg, if you have a max expected voltage of 5 V, use a tantalum that's rated at for at least 10 V.) Electrolytics, on the other hand, have well-known lifetime issues, even when run conservatively, because the electrolytic chemistry is inherently corrosive.

      • >because the electrolytic chemistry is inherently corrosive.

        Yes and no. The whole point is to have a layer of aluminum oxide, so yes that's literally corrosion.

        But aluminum oxide is such an inert coating, the corrosion stops after a few microns.

        I have 1940 radios with the original electrolytics in them and they work just fine.

        Now if you want to talk corrosion, there used to be "wet slug" tantalum capacitors that had sulfuric acid in them! When those leaked, they made a huge mess.

    • Wow, you're doing electronics repair in this day and age? Just curious: how's business?

  • Joystiq has posted an excellent refutation [joystiq.com] of this tempest in a tea-pot.

  • by Hektor_Troy ( 262592 ) on Friday July 25, 2008 @03:54PM (#24340365)

    Consumer electronics my ass - it's being stockpiled for Terminator endoskeletons

    • by MBGMorden ( 803437 ) on Friday July 25, 2008 @03:59PM (#24340429)

      Speak for yourself. I think a Terminator version of Summer Glau (programmable, of course) would be one hell of a big seller at Best Buy. I know I'd buy one.

      If they had a Kristanna Loken on sale I'd probably pick up one of those too. Depends on what type of rebates they were offering.

      • by v1 ( 525388 )

        the url in your sig is forbidden (403)

      • by Chas ( 5144 )

        Some people buy construction equipment, cars, and guns to mangle themselves to death and spray their blood all over the place.

        You want to buy a Terminator for that purpose. Yeah, modeled after a pretty girl. You can die with a stiffy.

        Okay.

        NO THANK YOU!

    • Off-topic perhaps, but wouldn't that be Terminator exoskeletons? I know they have a flesh covering when they are sent to infiltrate human strongholds, or sent back in time, but they don't always have the covering. In Terminator 2, when they flash to the future, we often see terminators walking around without the flesh covering. We can theorize that the flesh covering is used only on the infiltrator and time travel models, but is not standard issue - similar to a sniper's ghilly suit.

      So, the flesh is not

  • by techpawn ( 969834 ) on Friday July 25, 2008 @03:55PM (#24340377) Journal
    Thirst for Coltrane Fueling African Conflict?
    See there is a place for Jazz [wikipedia.org] in the world... But liked him before he got clean man... No junk... No soul...
    • Re: (Score:2, Funny)

      by argent ( 18001 )

      No, no, it's Coulton they're after. Jonthan Coulton. They need a new theme song, and thought "Still Alive" is a great idea. Wouldn't you?

  • Playstation 2, its got what Congolians crave!
  • by Pheidias ( 141114 ) on Friday July 25, 2008 @04:38PM (#24341007) Homepage

    This was already ancient news when a nearly identical story came my way nine months ago.

    Here is Nokia's statement from 2006 (one of many companies to establish a policy regarding tantalum sourcing as a result of the Congo conflict), sitting in plain sight on their website:

    http://www.nokia.com/A4230065 [nokia.com]

    "Our position: Tantalum / Coltan

    "Nokia is not buying tantalum or other raw materials but processed components and assemblies from suppliers around the world. Suppliers' activities account for a substantial part of the life-cycle environmental impact of Nokia products. Nokia has a comprehensive set of global Nokia Supplier Requirements. These requirements also include environmental requirements. It is an integral part of Nokia's supply chain management to ensure that the suppliers comply with the requirements. To ensure compliance, trained Nokia personnel conduct regular assessments as part of normal supplier assessment.

    "Nokia does not use any endangered species for any business purpose and furthermore requests that its suppliers avoid raw material procurement from an origin where there are clear human or animal rights abuse, or the method of procurement or distribution is illegal. In marketing and other company activities, Nokia will depict animals in a dignified manner.

    "Nokia has sent a notification of the Congo situation to its suppliers using Tantalum asking them to follow the situation, and to avoid purchasing tantalum from Congo. Nokia is also reducing the use of tantalum in its products."

  • by alizard ( 107678 ) <alizard&ecis,com> on Friday July 25, 2008 @05:15PM (#24341619) Homepage
    horizon? I was thinking carbon nanotube ultracaps given that the response time and storage capacity in similar packaging should be at least comparable.

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